adj.自發(fā)的

n.首創(chuàng)精神；主動權；第一步；倡議；項目

She took an initiative part in the Wildlife Conservation Society. 他們自發(fā)牽制住了敵人。

It is innovation plus initiative that has kept it thriving. 創(chuàng)新與進取精神使得它蓬勃發(fā)展。

Thus the initiative was lost at the very first move, and that is really the worst and most stupid way to fight. 開腳一步就喪失了主動權，真是最蠢最壞的打法。

n.主觀能動性（名詞initiative的復數(shù)）