n.錯(cuò)誤；誤會(huì)；過失

v.誤解；弄錯(cuò)

His costly mistake resulted in severe loss. 他的嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致了重大的損失。

You've made several grammatical mistakes in the composition. 你的作文中犯了幾處語法錯(cuò)誤。

Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake. 湯姆一定是弄錯(cuò)了才拿了你的字典。

He felt mortified for his mistake. 他對(duì)自己的過失深感羞愧。

That mistake has undone all our previous good work. 那個(gè)過錯(cuò)使我們前功盡棄。

You mistook my meaning entirely. 你完全誤解了我的意思。

I used to mistake his reserve for haughtiness. 我過去常把他的沉默寡言誤以為高傲。

I mistook the number and went to the wrong room. 我記錯(cuò)了號(hào)碼,走錯(cuò)了房間。

Mother looks so young that people often mistake her for my sister. 母親看上去非常年輕,人們經(jīng)常把她誤認(rèn)為是我的姐姐。

mistake的基本意思是“錯(cuò)誤,過失”,詞義籠統(tǒng),使用廣泛,可指沒有做對(duì)或做得不好的事物,也可指錯(cuò)誤的想法或見解,還可指“誤解”或“誤會(huì)”。mistake多由認(rèn)識(shí)或判斷上的錯(cuò)誤或粗心、遺忘所致。常用于語法、詞匯、拼寫、計(jì)算、行為、決策等。

mistake后可接介詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。接about表示“關(guān)于…的錯(cuò)誤”,接in表示“某方面的錯(cuò)誤”。

“犯錯(cuò)誤”不說do a mistake,而說make a mistake; “錯(cuò)誤地”不說for mistake,而說by mistake。

mistake的基本意思是把某人〔事物〕給“弄錯(cuò)”了,也可作“認(rèn)不出”解,引申可表示“誤解”“歪曲”了某人的意思或意圖。

mistake既可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作及物動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),可接名詞、代詞或以疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語。

mistake后接about或in可表示“弄錯(cuò)”“看錯(cuò)”,接for可表示“錯(cuò)看成”“錯(cuò)認(rèn)為”。

mistake還常用于There be no mistaking ... 句式中,意為“不會(huì)看〔聽〕不出來…”,后面可接名詞、代詞或以疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句。

構(gòu)成否定, mistake有時(shí)可以不借助do〔does,did〕,如習(xí)語If I mistake not,尤其用在口語中。

mistake是take衍生的反義詞,可是,有時(shí)卻可以通用。例如: He mistook me for my brother.他把我錯(cuò)當(dāng)成我的兄弟了。When he saw me this morning, he tookme for my brother.他今天早晨碰見我時(shí),他把我錯(cuò)當(dāng)成我的兄弟了。