v.處罰；使不利

People who drive when they are drunk should be heavily penalized. 對(duì)酒醉開車者應(yīng)予重罰。

How can a referee penalize a player? 裁判怎樣處罰犯規(guī)運(yùn)動(dòng)員？

The new law penalizes the poorest members of society. 新法規(guī)對(duì)社會(huì)中最貧困者不利。

penalize在英式英語(yǔ)中又作penalise。