類(lèi)型:英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法
時(shí)間:2020-07-09
點(diǎn)擊量693
一、從強(qiáng)調(diào)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)來(lái)區(qū)分
三者都可用來(lái)概括全體,但強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)不同:all(全部)是整體性地考慮總體(具有概括性),
every (每個(gè))是考慮總體中的所有成員(與 all 很接近),each (每個(gè))是逐個(gè)逐個(gè)地考慮總體(具有個(gè)別性)。比較:
All
players were very
excited. 所有運(yùn)動(dòng)員都很興奮。
Every player was very
excited. 每個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員都很興奮。
He
shook hands with each
player in turn
after the game. 比賽結(jié)束后,他同運(yùn)動(dòng)員一一握手。
二、從句法功能和詞性來(lái)區(qū)分
all 和 each 既可作形容詞(其后接名詞),也可用作代詞(單獨(dú)使用或后接 of 短語(yǔ));而
every 卻只能用作形容詞(其后接名詞),不能用作代詞(即不能單獨(dú)使用或后接 of 短語(yǔ))。如:
正:All
books are
worth reading. 所有書(shū)都值得讀。
正:All of the
books are
worth reading. 所有書(shū)都值得讀。
正:Each book is
interesting. 每本書(shū)都很趣。
正:Each of the
books is
interesting. 每本書(shū)都都很趣。
誤:
Every of the
books is
interesting.
誤:
Every is
interesting.
三、從主謂一致方面來(lái)區(qū)分
each 和
every 之后通常接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,且該結(jié)構(gòu)用作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如:
Each (man) does his own work. 各人做自己的工作。
Every student in our
class is sure to pass the exam. 我們班的每個(gè)學(xué)生都肯定會(huì)通過(guò)考試。
若后接兩個(gè)用 and 連接的名詞,其謂語(yǔ)依然用單數(shù)。如:
Every [Each] man and
woman knows it. 每個(gè)男人和女人都知道此事。
但是,each 可用于復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)后作同位語(yǔ),后面的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
The
students each have a
dictionary. 學(xué)生每人有一本字典。
四、從所涉及的范圍來(lái)區(qū)分
each 指兩者或兩者以上的“每個(gè)”,
every 指三者或三者以上“每個(gè)”,因此指兩者時(shí)只能用 each。如:
He has
books in each hand. 他兩只手都拿著書(shū)。
There are
trees on each side of the road. 路兩邊都有樹(shù)。
Two boys
entered. Each was
carrying a
suitcase. 兩個(gè)小伙子走了進(jìn)來(lái),每人提著一只箱子。
五、從所接受的修飾語(yǔ)來(lái)區(qū)分
every 可受
almost,
nearly 等副詞的修飾,但 each 卻不能。如:
Almost every family in the
village owns a
television. 村上幾乎每家都有電視機(jī)。
Nearly every child in the
school passed the
swimming test. 這所學(xué)校幾乎每一個(gè)兒童游泳都及格了。
差不多每個(gè)學(xué)生都讀過(guò)這本書(shū)。
正:
Almost every student has read the book.
誤:
Almost each
student has read the book.
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