類型:英語語法
時間:2020-08-10
點擊量778
一、that 與 which
兩者都可指物,常可互換,其區(qū)別是:
(1) 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句或直接放在介詞后作賓語時,要用
which。如:
Peter drove too fast,
which was
dangerous. 彼得開車很快,這是很危險的。
This is a
subject about which we
might argue for a long
while. 這是一個我們可能長時間爭論的問題。
(2) 當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞或被其修飾、受the very, the only, the same 等修飾、受形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞(包括last, next)等修飾、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作表語或先行詞是一個既指人又指物的并列詞組時,通常用that。如:
All that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必須做。
This is the only book (that) I find
useful. 這是我發(fā)現(xiàn)的惟一有用的書。
The
first thing that you
should do is to work out a plan. 你應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個計劃。
China is not the
country (that) it was. 中國已不是過去的中國了。
2. as 與 which
(1) 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時,在 such, as, the same 后只能用 as,其他情況用
which。如:
He is not such a fool as he
looks. 他并不像他看起來那么傻。
He
smokes as
expensive a
cigarette as he can
afford. 他抽一種他買得起的最貴的煙。
(2) 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,有時兩者可互換,但若位于主句之前,則只能用as。如:
I live a long way from work, as [
which] you know. 我住得離工作單位很遠(yuǎn),這你是知道的。
As is
known to
everybody, the moon
travels round the
earth once
every month. 月球每月繞地球轉(zhuǎn)一周,這是每個人都清楚的。
另外,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句應(yīng)與主句在意義上和諧一致,
which無此限制。如:
He went
abroad, as [
which] was
expected. 他出國了,這是大家預(yù)料到的。
He went
abroad,
which was
unexpected. 他出國了,這讓大家感到很意外。(不用as)
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